Lucas numbers

 

(1)   Dynamic programming

 

L(i)=2                         for i=0

L(i)=1                         for i=1

L(i)=L(i-2)+L(i-1)    for i=2,3,4,. . .

 

(2)   General form

 

 

where  is Golden ratio.

 

 

Relation between Lucas numbers and Golden ratio

Ratio L(n+1)/L(n) approaches Golden ratio as n increases.

Golden ration  is a positive root of .

 

Relation between Fibonacci sequence and Lucas numbers

 

              fib(n-1)+fib(n+1)=L(n)

 

              fib(2*n)=L(n)*fib(n)

 

              fib(n)=(L(n-1)+L(n+1))/5

 

The plot of